ATTENZIONE ! I TUMORI SONO NUTRITI DA...

A mio avviso l'umiltà sta soprattutto nel capire i nostri limiti. Solo se ammettiamo di essere ignoranti possiamo aprirci e imparare. Ovviamente non da tutti, occorre scegliere fonti e maestri, altrimenti si diventa hooligan di un pensiero, magari irrazionale, come molti che conosco.

Il punto non è essere onnivori o vegani, il punto è essere rispettosi ed educati , avere mente aperta e mettersi in discussionea 360°,

MAI DIRE MAI.

Scriverò una lista di alcune delle fonti scientifiche che ritengo autorevoli e di notevole importanza, mi metto in gioco ogni giorno raccontando a tutti anche le vicende della mia vita personale, per cui mi aspetto da tutti voi un po di COLLABORAZIONE nell'affrontare argomenti come questi con una certa APERTURA MENTALE e serenità d'animo.

Molti di voi continueranno a ribadire lo solite tesi contrarie alla scelta vegana pur leggendo con i propri occhi studi scientifici autorevoli, ma sicuramente ci sarà sempre qualcuno che ne potrà giovare.

E' posizione dell'American Dietetic Association affermare che le diete vegane sono salutari, adeguate dal punto di vista nutrizionale e possono conferire benefici per la salute nella prevenzione e nel trattamento di alcune patologie. Sono appropriate per individui in tutti gli stadi del ciclo vitale, inclusa gravidanza, allattamento, prima e seconda infanzia, adolescenza, e per gli atleti. 

La letteratura scientifica (vedi in basso) analizza le relazioni tra le diete vegane e i fattori di rischi di malattia cardiovascolari, Ipertensione, Diabete, Obesità, Cancro, Osteoporosi, Malattie Renali, Demenza.

Ecco la lista di oltre 200 studi fornita dalla SSNV:

1 , Types and Diversity of Vegetarian Nutrition American Dietetic Association Evidence Analysis Library Web site http://www.adaevidencelibrary.com/topic.cfm?cat=3897 Accessed March 17, 2009.

2 C. Stahler, How many adults are vegetarian? The Vegetarian Resource Group Web site http://www.vrg.org/journal/vj2006issue4/vj2006issue4poll.htm Posted December 20, 2006. Accessed January 20, 2009.

3 C. Stahler, How many youth are vegetarian? The Vegetarian Resource Group Web site http://www.vrg.org/journal/vj2005issue4/vj2005issue4youth.htm Posted October 7, 2005. Accessed January 20, 2009.

4 E.J. Lea, D. Crawford and A. Worsley, Public views of the benefits and barriers to the consumption of a plant-based diet, Eur J Clin Nutr 60 (2006), pp. 828-837. Full Text via CrossRef | View Record in Scopus | Cited By in Scopus (0)

5 Mintel International Group Limited, Eating Habits-US-July 2004, Mintel International Group Limited, Chicago, IL (2004).

6 , What's hot, what's not: Chef survey National Restaurant Association Web site http://www.restaurant.org/pdfs/research/200711chefsurvey.pdf Accessed January 20, 2009.

7 Mintel International Group Limited, Vegetarian Foods (Processed -US-June 2007, Mintel International Group Limited, Chicago, IL (2007).

8 V.R. Young and P.L. Pellett, Plant proteins in relation to human protein and amino acid nutrition, Am J Clin Nutr 59 (suppl) (1994), pp. 1203S-1212S.

9 W.M. Rand, P.L. Pellett and V.R. Young, Meta-analysis of nitrogen balance studies for estimating protein requirements in healthy adults, Am J Clin Nutr 77 (2003), pp. 109-127. View Record in Scopus | Cited By in Scopus (57)

10 V.R. Young, L. Fajardo, E. Murray, W.M. Rand and N.S. Scrimshaw, Protein requirements of man: Comparative nitrogen balance response within the submaintenance-to-maintenance range of intakes of wheat and beef proteins, J Nutr 105 (1975), pp. 534-542. View Record in Scopus | Cited By in Scopus (18)

11 FAO/WHO/UNU Expert Consultation on Protein and Amino Acid Requirements in Human Nutrition, Protein and Amino Acid Requirements in Human Nutrition: Report of a Joint FAO/WHO/UNU Expert Consultation, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland (2002) WHO Technical Report Series No. 935.

12 V. Messina, R. Mangels and M. Messina, The Dietitian's Guide to Vegetarian Diets: Issues and Applications (2nd ed.), Jones and Bartlett Publishers, Sudbury, MA (2004).

13 K.D. Tipton and O.C. Witard, Protein requirements and recommendations for athletes: Relevance of ivory tower arguments for practical recommendations, Clin Sports Med 26 (2007), pp. 17-36. Abstract | View Record in Scopus | Cited By in Scopus (8)

14 C.M. Williams and G. Burdge, Long-chain n-3 PUFA: plant v. marine sources, Proc Nutr Soc 65 (2006), pp. 42-50. View Record in Scopus | Cited By in Scopus (46)

15 M.S. Rosell, Zechariah Lloyd-Wright, P.N. Appleby, T.A. Sanders, N.E. Allen and T.J. Key, Long-chain n-3 polyunsatuurated fatty acids in plasma in British meat-eating, vegetarian, and vegan men, Am J Clin Nutr 82 (2005), pp. 327-334. View Record in Scopus | Cited By in Scopus (21)

16 J.A. Conquer and B.J. Holub, Supplementation with an algae source of docosahexaenoic acid increases (n-3) fatty acid status and alters selected risk factors for heart disease in vegetarian subjects, J Nutr 126 (1996), pp. 3032-3039. View Record in Scopus | Cited By in Scopus (57)

17 Institute of Medicine, Food and Nutrition Board, Dietary Reference Intakes for Energy, Carbohydrate, Fiber, Fat, Fatty Acids, Cholesterol, Protein, and Amino Acids, National Academies Press, Washington, DC (2002).

18 J. Geppert, V. Kraft, H. Demmelmair and B. Koletzko, Docosahexaenoic acid supplementation in vegetarians effectively increases omega-3 index: a randomized trial, Lipids 40 (2005), pp. 807-814. Full Text via CrossRef

19 C. Coudray, J. Bellanger, C. Castiglia-Delavaud, C. Remesy, M. Vermorel and Y. Rayssignuier, Effect of soluble or partly soluble dietary fibres supplementation on absorption and balance of calcium, magnesium, iron and zinc in healthy young men, Eur J Clin Nutr 51 (1997), pp. 375-380. View Record in Scopus | Cited By in Scopus (176)

20 B.F. Harland and E.R. Morris, Phytate a good or bad food component, Nutr Res 15 (1995), pp. 733-754. Article | PDF (1618 K) | View Record in Scopus | Cited By in Scopus (105)

21 A.S. Sandberg, M. Brune, N.G. Carlsson, L. Hallberg, E. Skoglund and L. Rossander-Hulthen, Inositol phosphates with different numbers of phosphate groups influence iron absorption in humans, Am J Clin Nutr 70 (1999), pp. 240-246. View Record in Scopus | Cited By in Scopus (89)

22 M.J. Manary, N.F. Krebs, R.S. Gibson, R.L. Broadhead and K.M. Hambidge, Community-based dietary phytate reduction and its effect on iron status in Malawian children, Ann Trop Paediatr 22 (2002), pp. 133-136. Full Text via CrossRef | View Record in Scopus | Cited By in Scopus (10)

23 B.J. Macfarlane, W.B. van der Riet, T.H. Bothwell, R.D. Baynes, D. Siegenberg, U. Schmidt, A. Tol, J.R.N. Taylor and F. Mayet, Effect of traditional Oriental soy products on iron absorption, Am J Clin Nutr 51 (1990), pp. 873-880. View Record in Scopus | Cited By in Scopus (16)

24 L. Hallberg and L. Hulthen, Prediction of dietary iron absorption: an algorithm for calculating absorption and bioavailability of dietary iron, Am J Clin Nutr 71 (2000), pp. 1147-1160. View Record in Scopus | Cited By in Scopus (128)

25 D.J. Fleming, P.F. Jacques, G.E. Dallal, K.L. Tucker, P.W. Wilson and R.J. Wood, Dietary determinants of iron stores in a free-living elderly population: The Framingham Heart Study, Am J Clin Nutr 67 (1998), pp. 722-733. View Record in Scopus | Cited By in Scopus (76)

26 Institute of Medicine, Food and Nutrition Board, Dietary Reference Intakes for Vitamin A, Vitamin K, Arsenic, Boron, Chromium, Copper, Iodine, Iron, Manganese, Molybdenum, Nickel, Silicon, Vanadium, and Zinc, National Academies Press, Washington, DC (2001).

27 J.R. Hunt and Z.K. Roughead, Nonheme-iron absorption, fecal ferritin excretion, and blood indexes of iron status in women consuming controlled lactoovovegetarian diets for 8 wk, Am J Clin Nutr 69 (1999), pp. 944-952. View Record in Scopus | Cited By in Scopus (46)

28 J.R. Hunt and Z.K. Roughead, Adaptation of iron absorption in men consuming diets with high or low iron bioavailability, Am J Clin Nutr 71 (2000), pp. 94-102. View Record in Scopus | Cited By in Scopus (54)

29 M.J. Ball and M.A. Bartlett, Dietary intake and iron status of Australian vegetarian women, Am J Clin Nutr 70 (1999), pp. 353-358. View Record in Scopus | Cited By in Scopus (37)

30 D. Alexander, M.J. Ball and J. Mann, Nutrient intake and haematological status of vegetarians and age-sex matched omnivores, Eur J Clin Nutr 48 (1994), pp. 538-546. View Record in Scopus | Cited By in Scopus (69)

31 J.R. Hunt, Bioavailability of iron, zinc, and other trace minerals from vegetarian diets, Am J Clin Nutr 78 (suppl) (2003), pp. 633S-639S.

32 G.K. Davey, E.A. Spencer, P.N. Appleby, N.E. Allen, K.H. Knox and T.J. Key, EPIC - Oxford: Lifestyle characteristics and nutrient intakes in a cohort of 33,883 meat-eaters and 31,546 non meat-eaters in the UK, Public Health Nutr 6 (2003), pp. 259-268. View Record in Scopus | Cited By in Scopus (50)

33 K.C. Janelle and S.I. Barr, Nutrient intakes and eating behavior scores of vegetarian and nonvegetarian women, J Am Diet Assoc 95 (1995), pp. 180-189. Article | PDF (917 K)

34 B. Lonnerdal, Dietary factors influencing zinc absorption, J Nutr 130 (suppl) (2000), pp. 1378S-1383S.

35 M. Krajcovicova, K. Buckova, I. Klimes and E. Sebokova, Iodine deficiency in vegetarians and vegans, Ann Nutr Metab 47 (2003), pp. 183-185.

36 J. Teas, S. Pino, A. Critchley and L.E. Braverman, Variability of iodine content in common commercially available edible seaweeds, Thyroid 14 (2004), pp. 836-841. Full Text via CrossRef | View Record in Scopus | Cited By in Scopus (17)

37 M. Messina and G. Redmond, Effects of soy protein and soybean isoflavones on thyroid function in healthy adults and hypothyroid patients: a review of the relevant literature, Thyroid 16 (2006), pp. 249-258. Full Text via CrossRef | View Record in Scopus | Cited By in Scopus (11)

38 P. Appleby, A. Roddam, N. Allen and T. Key, Comparative fracture in vegetarians and nonvegetarians in EPIC-Oxford, Eur J Clin Nutr 61 (2007), pp. 1400-1406. Full Text via CrossRef | View Record in Scopus | Cited By in Scopus (0)

39 C. Weaver, W. Proulx and R. Heaney, Choices for achieving adequate dietary calcium with a vegetarian diet, Am J Clin Nutr 70 (suppl) (1999), pp. 543S-548S.

40 Y. Zhao, B.R. Martin and C.M. Weaver, Calcium bioavailability of calcium carbonate fortified soymilk is equivalent to cow's milk in young women, J Nutr 135 (2005), pp. 2379-2382. View Record in Scopus | Cited By in Scopus (9)

41 V. Messina, V. Melina and A.R. Mangels, A new food guide for North American vegetarians, J Am Diet Assoc 103 (2003), pp. 771-775. Article | PDF (579 K) | View Record in Scopus | Cited By in Scopus (12)

42 S.R. Dunn-Emke, G. Weidner, E.B. Pettenall, R.O. Marlin, C. Chi and D.M. Ornish, Nutrient adequacy of a very low-fat vegan diet, J Am Diet Assoc 105 (2005), pp. 1442-1446. Article | PDF (84 K) | View Record in Scopus | Cited By in Scopus (7)

43 T.J. Parsons, M. van Dusseldorp, M. van der Vliet, K. van de Werken, G. Schaafsma and W.A. van Staveren, Reduced bone mass in Dutch adolescents fed a macrobiotic diet in early life, J Bone Miner Res 12 (1997), pp. 1486-1494. Full Text via CrossRef | View Record in Scopus | Cited By in Scopus (32)

44 L.A.G. Armas, B.W. Hollis and R.P. Heaney, Vitamin D2 is much less effective than vitamin D3 in humans, J Clin Endocrinol Metab 89 (2004), pp. 5387-5391. Full Text via CrossRef | View Record in Scopus | Cited By in Scopus (168)

45 M.F. Holick, R.M. Biancuzzo, T.C. Chen, E.K. Klein, A. Young, D. Bibuld, R. Reitz, W. Salameh, A. Ameri and A.D. Tannenbaum, Vitamin D2 is as effective as vitamin D3 in maintaining circulating concentrations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D, J Clin Endocrinol Metab 93 (2008), pp. 677-681. View Record in Scopus | Cited By in Scopus (39)

46 M.S. Donaldson, Metabolic vitamin B12 status on a mostly raw vegan diet with follow-up using tablets, nutritional yeast, or probiotic supplements, Ann Nutr Metab 44 (2000), pp. 229-234. Full Text via CrossRef | View Record in Scopus | Cited By in Scopus (17)

47 W. Herrmann, H. Schorr, K. Purschwitz, F. Rassoul and V. Richter, Total homocysteine, vitamin B12, and total antioxidant status in vegetarians, Clin Chem 47 (2001), pp. 1094-1101. View Record in Scopus | Cited By in Scopus (59)

48 W. Herrmann and J. Geisel, Vegetarian lifestyle and monitoring of vitamin B-12 status, Clin Chim Acta 326 (2002), pp. 47-59. Article | PDF (192 K) | View Record in Scopus | Cited By in Scopus (22)

49 V. Messina and A.R. Mangels, Considerations in planning vegan diets: Children, J Am Diet Assoc 101 (2001), pp. 661-669. Article | PDF (896 K) | View Record in Scopus | Cited By in Scopus (8)

50 M. Hebbelinck and P. Clarys, Physical growth and development of vegetarian children and adolescents. In: J. Sabate, Editor, Vegetarian Nutrition, CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL (2001), pp. 173-193.

51 A.R. Mangels and V. Messina, Considerations in planning vegan diets: infants, J Am Diet Assoc 101 (2001), pp. 670-677. Article | PDF (792 K) | View Record in Scopus | Cited By in Scopus (11)

52 General Conference Nutrition Council, My Vegetarian Food Pyramid Loma Linda University Web site http://www.llu.edu/llu/nutrition/vegfoodpyramid.pdf Accessed January 20, 2009.

53 M. Rosell, P. Appleby and T. Key, Height, age at menarche, body weight and body mass index in life-long vegetarians, Public Health Nutr 8 (2005), pp. 870-875. View Record in Scopus | Cited By in Scopus (3)

54 C.L. Perry, M.T. McGuire, D. Neumark-Sztainer and M. Story, Adolescent vegetarians: How well do their dietary patterns meet the Healthy People 2010 objectives?, Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 156 (2002), pp. 431-437. View Record in Scopus | Cited By in Scopus (20)

55 C.L. Larsson and G.K. Johansson, Young Swedish vegans have different sources of nutrients than young omnivores, J Am Diet Assoc 105 (2005), pp. 1438-1441. Article | PDF (222 K) | View Record in Scopus | Cited By in Scopus (1)

56 M. Krajcovicova-Kudlackova, R. Simoncic, A. Bederova, E. Grancicova and T. Megalova, Influence of vegetarian and mixed nutrition on selected haematological and biochemical parameters in children, Nahrung 41 (1997), pp. 311-314. View Record in Scopus | Cited By in Scopus (16)

57 , Vegetarian Nutrition in Pregnancy American Dietetic Association Evidence Analysis Library Web site http://www.adaevidencelibrary.com/topic.cfm?cat=3125 Accessed March 17, 2009.

58 M. Campbell-Brown, R.J. Ward, A.P. Haines, W.R. North, R. Abraham, I.R. McFadyen, J.R. Turnlund and J.C. King, Zinc and copper in Asian pregnancies-is there evidence for a nutritional deficiency?, Br J Obstet Gynaecol 92 (1985), pp. 875-885. Full Text via CrossRef | View Record in Scopus | Cited By in Scopus (16)

59 R. Drake, S. Reddy and J. Davies, Nutrient intake during pregnancy and pregnancy outcome of lacto-ovo-vegetarians, fish-eaters and non-vegetarians, Veg Nutr 2 (1998), pp. 45-52.

60 A. Ganpule, C.S. Yajnik, C.H. Fall, S. Rao, D.J. Fisher, A. Kanade, C. Cooper, S. Naik, N. Joshi, H. Lubree, V. Deshpande and C. Joglekar, Bone mass in Indian children-Relationships to maternal nutritional status and diet during pregnancy: The Pune Maternal Nutrition Study, J Clin Endocrinol Metab 91 (2006), pp. 2994-3001. Full Text via CrossRef | View Record in Scopus | Cited By in Scopus (13)

61 S. Reddy, T.A. Sanders and O. Obeid, The influence of maternal vegetarian diet on essential fatty acid status of the newborn, Eur J Clin Nutr 48 (1994), pp. 358-368. View Record in Scopus | Cited By in Scopus (36)

62 K. North and J. Golding, A maternal vegetarian diet in pregnancy is associated with hypospadias: The ALSPAC Study Team. Avon Longitudinal Study of Pregnancy and Childhood, BJU Int 85 (2000), pp. 107-113. Full Text via CrossRef | View Record in Scopus | Cited By in Scopus (110)

63 P.J. Cheng, D.C. Chu, H.Y. Chueh, L.C. See, H.C. Chang and D.R. Weng, Elevated maternal midtrimester serum free beta-human chorionic gonadotropin levels in vegetarian pregnancies that cause increased false-positive Down syndrome screening results, Am J Obstet Gynecol 190 (2004), pp. 442-447. Abstract | Article | PDF (159 K) | View Record in Scopus | Cited By in Scopus (1)

64 R. Ellis, J.L. Kelsay, R.D. Reynolds, E.R. Morris, P.B. Moser and C.W. Frazier, Phytate:zinc and phytate X calcium:zinc millimolar ratios in self-selected diets of Americans, Asian Indians, and Nepalese, J Am Diet Assoc 87 (1987), pp. 1043-1047. View Record in Scopus | Cited By in Scopus (47)

65 J.C. King, T. Stein and M. Doyle, Effect of vegetarianism on the zinc status of pregnant women, Am J Clin Nutr 34 (1981), pp. 1049-1055. View Record in Scopus | Cited By in Scopus (4)

66 C. Koebnick, U.A. Heins, I. Hoffmann, P.C. Dagnelie and C. Leitzmann, Folate status during pregnancy in women is improved by long-term high vegetable intake compared with the average western diet, J Nutr 131 (2001), pp. 733-739. View Record in Scopus | Cited By in Scopus (18)

67 C. Koebnick, I. Hoffmann, P.C. Dagnelie, U.A. Heins, S.N. Wickramasinghe, I.D. Ratnayaka, S. Gruendel, J. Lindemans and C. Leitzmann, Long-term ovo-lacto vegetarian diet impairs vitamin B-12 status in pregnant women, J Nutr 134 (2004), pp. 3319-3326. View Record in Scopus | Cited By in Scopus (14)

68 C. Koebnick, R. Leitzmann, A.L. Garcia, U.A. Heins, T. Heuer, S. Golf, N. Katz, I. Hoffmann and C. Leitzmann, Long-term effect of a plant-based diet on magnesium status during pregnancy, Eur J Clin Nutr 59 (2005), pp. 219-225. Full Text via CrossRef | View Record in Scopus | Cited By in Scopus (0)

69 R.J. Ward, R. Abraham, I.R. McFadyen, A.D. Haines, W.R. North, M. Patel and R.V. Bhatt, Assessment of trace metal intake and status in a Gujerati pregnant Asian population and their influence on the outcome of pregnancy, Br J Obstet Gynaecol 95 (1988), pp. 676-682. View Record in Scopus | Cited By in Scopus (5)

70 V. Lakin, P. Haggarty and D.R. Abramovich, Dietary intake and tissue concentrations of fatty acids in omnivore, vegetarian, and diabetic pregnancy, Prost Leuk Ess Fatty Acids 58 (1998), pp. 209-220. Article | PDF (1108 K) | View Record in Scopus | Cited By in Scopus (20)

71 T.A.B. Sanders and S. Reddy, The influence of a vegetarian diet on the fatty acid composition of human milk and the essential fatty acid status of the infant, J Pediatr 120 (suppl) (1992), pp. S71-S77. Abstract | PDF (591 K)

72 C.L. Jensen, R.G. Voigt, T.C. Prager, Y.L. Zou, J.K. Fraley, J.C. Rozelle, M.R. Turcich, A.M. Llorente, R.E. Anderson and W.C. Heird, Effects of maternal docosahexaenoic acid on visual function and neurodevelopment in breastfed term infants, Am J Clin Nutr 82 (2005), pp. 125-132. View Record in Scopus | Cited By in Scopus (45)

73 C.M. Smuts, E. Borod, J.M. Peeples and S.E. Carlson, High-DHA eggs: Feasibility as a means to enhance circulating DHA in mother and infant, Lipids 38 (2003), pp. 407-414. Full Text via CrossRef | View Record in Scopus | Cited By in Scopus (12)

74 R.H. DeGroot, G. Hornstra, A.C. van Houwelingen and F. Roumen, Effect of alpha-linolenic acid supplementation during pregnancy on maternal and neonatal polyunsaturated fatty acid status and pregnancy outcome, Am J Clin Nutr 79 (2004), pp. 251-260. View Record in Scopus | Cited By in Scopus (29)

75 C.A. Francois, S.L. Connor, L.C. Bolewicz and W.E. Connor, Supplementing lactating women with flaxseed oil does not increase docosahexaenoic acid in their milk, Am J Clin Nutr 77 (2003), pp. 226-233. View Record in Scopus | Cited By in Scopus (52)

76 L.H. Allen, Zinc and micronutrient supplements for children, Am J Clin Nutr 68 (suppl) (1998), pp. 495S-498S.

77 M. Van Dusseldorp, I.C.W. Arts, J.S. Bergsma, N. De Jong, P.C. Dagnelie and W.A. Van Staveren, Catch-up growth in children fed a macrobiotic diet in early childhood, J Nutr 126 (1996), pp. 2977-2983. View Record in Scopus | Cited By in Scopus (13)

78 D.J. Millward, The nutritional value of plant-based diets in relation to human amino acid and protein requirements, Proc Nutr Soc 58 (1999), pp. 249-260. View Record in Scopus | Cited By in Scopus (45)

79 D.G. Kissinger and A. Sanchez, The association of dietary factors with the age of menarche, Nutr Res 7 (1987), pp. 471-479. Abstract | PDF (466 K) | View Record in Scopus | Cited By in Scopus (15)

80 S.I. Barr, Women's reproductive function. In: J. Sabate, Editor, Vegetarian Nutrition, CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL (2001), pp. 221-249.

81 U.M. Donovan and R.S. Gibson, Iron and zinc status of young women aged 14 to 19 years consuming vegetarian and omnivorous diets, J Am Coll Nutr 14 (1995), pp. 463-472.

82 M.J. Curtis and L.K. Comer, Vegetarianism, dietary restraint, and feminist identity, Eat Behav 7 (2006), pp. 91-104. Article | PDF (161 K) | View Record in Scopus | Cited By in Scopus (0)

83 C.L. Perry, M.T. McGuire, D. Newmark-Sztainer and M. Story, Characteristics of vegetarian adolescents in a multiethnic urban population, J Adolesc Health 29 (2001), pp. 406-416. Article | PDF (168 K) | View Record in Scopus | Cited By in Scopus (24)

84 American Dietetic Association, Position Paper of the American Dietetic Association: Nutrition across the spectrum of aging, J Am Diet Assoc 105 (2005), pp. 616-633.

85 A.G. Marsh, D.K. Christiansen, T.V. Sanchez, O. Mickelsen and F.L. Chaffee, Nutrient similarities and differences of older lacto-ovo-vegetarian and omnivorous women, Nutr Rep Int 39 (1989), pp. 19-24. View Record in Scopus | Cited By in Scopus (3)

86 H.A.M. Brants, M.R.H. Lowik, S. Westenbrink, K.F.A.M. Hulshof and C. Kistemaker, Adequacy of a vegetarian diet at old age (Dutch Nutrition Surveillance System), J Am Coll Nutr 9 (1990), pp. 292-302. View Record in Scopus | Cited By in Scopus (10)

87 Institute of Medicine, Food and Nutrition Board, Dietary Reference Intakes for Thiamin, Riboflavin, Niacin, Vitamin B₆, Folate, Vitamin B₁₂, Pantothenic Acid, Biotin, and Choline, National Academies Press, Washington, DC (1998).

88 M.F. Holick, Vitamin D deficiency, N Engl J Med 357 (2007), pp. 266-281. Full Text via CrossRef | View Record in Scopus | Cited By in Scopus (363)

89 W.W. Campbell, C.A. Johnson, G.P. McCabe and N.S. Carnell, Dietary protein requirements of younger and older adults, Am J Clin Nutr 88 (2008), pp. 1322-1329. View Record in Scopus | Cited By in Scopus (3)

90 American Dietetic Association, Position of the American Dietetic Association, Dietitians of Canada, and the American College of Sports Medicine: Nutrition and athletic performance, J Am Diet Assoc 109 (2009), pp. 509-527.

91 A.M. Venderley and W.W. Campbell, Vegetarian diets: Nutritional considerations for athletes, Sports Med 36 (2006), pp. 295-305.

92 J.M. Lukaszuk, R.J. Robertson, J.E. Arch, G.E. Moore, K.M. Yaw, D.E. Kelley, J.T. Rubin and N.M. Moyna, Effect of creatine supplementation and a lacto-ovo-vegetarian diet on muscle creatine concentration, Int J Sports Nutr Exer Metab 12 (2002), pp. 336-337.

93 D.G. Burke, P.D. Chilibeck, G. Parise, D.G. Candow, D. Mahoney and M. Tarnopolsky, Effect of creatine and weight training on muscle creatine and performance in vegetarians, Med Sci Sports Exerc 35 (2003), pp. 1946-1955. Full Text via CrossRef | View Record in Scopus | Cited By in Scopus (29)

94 S. Kaiserauer, A.C. Snyder, M. Sleeper and J. Zierath, Nutritional, physiological, and menstrual status of distance runners, Med Sci Sports Exerc 21 (1989), pp. 120-125. View Record in Scopus | Cited By in Scopus (46)

95 J. Slavin, J. Lutter and S. Cushman, Amenorrhea in vegetarian athletes, Lancet 1 (1984), pp. 1974-1975.

96 , Vegetarian Nutrition and Cardiovascular Disease American Dietetic Association Evidence Analysis Library Web site http://www.adaevidencelibrary.com/topic.cfm?cat=3536 Accessed March 17, 2009.

97 P.N. Appleby, G.K. Davey and T.J. Key, Hypertension and blood pressure among meat eaters, fish eaters, vegetarians and vegans in EPIC-Oxford, Public Health Nutr 5 (2002), pp. 645-654. View Record in Scopus | Cited By in Scopus (16)

98 G.E. Fraser, Associations between diet and cancer, ischemic heart disease, and all-cause mortality in non-Hispanic white California Seventh-day Adventists, Am J Clin Nutr 70 (suppl) (1999), pp. 532S-538S.

99 T.J. Key, G.E. Fraser, M. Thorogood, P.N. Appleby, V. Beral, G. Reeves, M.L. Burr, J. Chang-Claude, R. Frentzel-Beyme, J.W. Kuzma, J. Mann and K. McPherson, Mortality in vegetarians and nonvegetarians: Detailed findings from a collaborative analysis of 5 prospective studies, Am J Clin Nutr 70 (suppl) (1999), pp. 516S-524S.

100 P.T. Williams, Interactive effects of exercise, alcohol, and vegetarian diet on coronary artery disease risk factors in 9,242 runners: The National Runners' Health Study, Am J Clin Nutr 66 (1997), pp. 1197-1206. Full Text via CrossRef | View Record in Scopus | Cited By in Scopus (16)

101 A.K. Mahon, M.G. Flynn, L.K. Stewart, B.K. McFarlin, H.B. Iglay, R.D. Mattes, R.M. Lyle, R.V. Considine and W.W. Campbell, Protein intake during energy restriction: Effects on body composition and markers of metabolic and cardiovascular health in postmenopausal women, J Am Coll Nutr 26 (2007), pp. 182-189. View Record in Scopus | Cited By in Scopus (0)

102 J. Mukuddem-Petersen, W. Oosthuizen and J.C. Jerling, A systematic review of the effects of nuts on blood lipid profiles in humans, J Nutr 135 (2005), pp. 2082-2089. View Record in Scopus | Cited By in Scopus (14)

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191 F. Pixley, D. Wilson, K. McPherson and J. Mann, Effect of vegetarianism on development of gall stones in women, Br Med J (Clin Res Ed) 291 (1985), pp. 11-12. Full Text via CrossRef | View Record in Scopus | Cited By in Scopus (33)

192 H. Muller, F.W. de Toledo and K.L. Resch, Fasting followed by vegetarian diet in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: A systematic review, Scand J Rheumatol 30 (2001), pp. 1-10. View Record in Scopus | Cited By in Scopus (37)

193 , Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC): Revisions in the WIC Food Packages; Interim Rule 7CFR, Part 246, Federal Register 72 (2007), pp. 68966-69032 Dec. 6.

194 , Modification of the "Vegetable Protein Products" requirements for the National School Lunch Program, School Breakfast Program, Summer Food Service Program and Child And Adult Care Food Program: (7 CFR 210,215,220,225,226), Federal Register 65 (2000), pp. 12429-12442 March 9.

195 , Accommodating children with special needs in the School Nutrition Programs US Department of Agriculture, Food and Nutrition Service Web site http://www.fns.usda.gov/cnd/Guidance/special_dietary_needs.pdf Posted Fall 2001. Accessed July 10,2008.

196 , Healthy school lunches: 2007 school lunch report card Physicians Committee for Responsible Medicine Web site http://www.healthyschoollunches.org/reports/report2007_card.html Posted August 2007. Accessed July 10,2008.

197 , Fluid milk substitutions in the School Nutrition Programs: (7CFR Parts 210 and 220), Federal Register 73 (2008), pp. 52903-52908 September 12.

198 , Four-week vegetarian menu set for Meals on Wheels Sites The Vegetarian Resource Group Web site http://www.vrg.org/fsupdate/fsu974/fsu974menu.htm Posted May 18,1998. Accessed July 10,2008.

199 , Vegetarian menus New York City Department for the Aging Web site http://www.nyc.gov/html/dfta/downloads/pdf/menu_vegetarian.pdf Accessed January 19, 2009.

200 A. Ogden and P. Rebein, Do prison inmates have a right to vegetarian meals? Vegetarian Journal Mar/Apr 2001. The Vegetarian Resource Group Web site http://www.vrg.org/journal/vj2001mar/2001marprison.htm Posted January 16,2001. Accessed July 10,2008.

201 , Prison regulations by jurisdiction Prison Vegetarian Project Web site http://www.assistech.info/prisonvegetarian/index.html Accessed July 10,2008.

202 Federal Bureau of Prisons, Program statement: Religious beliefs and practices US Dept of Justice Web site http://www.bop.gov/policy/progstat/5360_009.pdf Posted December 31,2004. Accessed July 10,2008.

203 , Special briefing on Objective Force Warrior and DoD Combat Feeding Program May 23,2002. US Department of Defense Web site http://www.defenselink.mil/transcripts/transcript.aspx?transcriptid=3459 Accessed July 10,2008.

204 , Combat feeding directorate improves meals US Dept of Defense Web site http://www.defenselink.mil/transformation/articles/2006-05/ta051506c.html Accessed July 10, 2008.

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